Part of Speech (शब्दों के प्रकार) 📘 Chapter 6: Preposition (संबंध सूचक अव्यय) Complete Notes

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Part of Speech (शब्दों के प्रकार)
📘 Chapter 6: Preposition (संबंध सूचक अव्यय)
Complete Notes

Definition (परिभाषा):

A Preposition is a word that shows the relation of a noun or pronoun with another word in the sentence. Preposition वह शब्द होता है जो किसी noun या pronoun का संबंध वाक्य के अन्य शब्दों से दर्शाता है।

• 🧠 Trick:
• Pre = पहले + Position = स्थिति → जो किसी चीज़ की स्थिति या संबंध को दर्शाए।
• 📌 Examples:
1. The book is on the table. (book का संबंध table से है)
2. She is sitting beside me.

🔹 Use of Preposition:

Prepositions typically indicate:

• Place/Position (स्थान) – Where?
• Time (समय) – When?
• Direction/Movement (दिशा) – Where to?
• Cause/Reason/Purpose (कारण)
• Manner/Instrument/Agent (तरीका / माध्यम)

🔹 Types of Prepositions (Preposition के प्रकार):

1. Preposition of Place / Position (स्थान / स्थिति):

किसी चीज़ की स्थिति दर्शाते हैं।

Preposition	Hindi Meaning	Example
in	में	The pen is in the box.
on	पर	The book is on the table.
under	के नीचे	The cat is under the chair.
over	के ऊपर	The plane flew over the city.
behind	के पीछे	He stood behind the door.
between	के बीच	The shop is between two banks.
beside	के पास	She sat beside me.

2. Preposition of Time (समय):

Preposition	Use	Example
at	Exact time / night / festivals	I sleep at 10 p.m.
on	Days / dates	She was born on Monday.
in	Months / years / centuries	I was born in 2000.
since	Point of time (past to now)	He has been here since 5 p.m.
for	Duration of time	I waited for two hours.
before	पहले	Come before 9 a.m.
after	बाद में	We’ll go after lunch.

3. Preposition of Direction / Motion (दिशा / गति):

Preposition	Hindi Meaning	Example
to	को / की ओर	She went to school.
into	के अंदर	He jumped into the river.
onto	के ऊपर	The cat jumped onto the bed.
towards	की तरफ	He is running towards the gate.
from	से	She came from Delhi.

4. Preposition of Cause, Reason, Purpose (कारण):

Preposition	Example
because of	He was late because of traffic.
due to	The match was canceled due to rain.
for	This gift is for you.

5. Preposition of Manner / Instrument / Agent (तरीका / माध्यम):

Preposition	Example
by	The letter was sent by post.
with	He cut the paper with scissors.
through	We went through the tunnel.

🔹 Common Preposition List with Hindi Meaning:

Preposition	Hindi Meaning
In	में
On	पर
Under	के नीचे
Over	के ऊपर
Beside	के पास
Between	के बीच
To	की ओर
From	से
With	के साथ
By	द्वारा

🔹 Important Rules (महत्वपूर्ण नियम):

1. Preposition के बाद हमेशा noun या pronoun आता है:
• 👉 He is in the room. (✔️)
• 👉 He is in. (❌ गलत – unless it's adverb usage)
2. दो preposition एक साथ नहीं आते।
• 👉 He jumped into the pool. (✔️)
• 👉 He jumped in into the pool. (❌)
3. At, on, और in का use Time और Place दोनों के लिए होता है – context पर निर्भर करता है।
• 👉 At 5 p.m. / At the station
• 👉 On Monday / On the wall
• 👉 In 2020 / In the box

🔹 Practice Sentences (प्रैक्टिस वाक्य):

1. The pen is on the table.
2. He came from Mumbai.
3. I was born in July.
4. She ran into the room.
5. This gift is for you.

🔹 Exercise / Quiz (अभ्यास):

• 👉 Fill in the blanks with correct prepositions:
1. He is sitting ___ the chair.
2. We go to school ___ Monday.
3. The plane flew ___ the clouds.
4. She jumped ___ the pool.
5. I waited ___ 30 minutes.
• ✍️ Answers:
1. on
2. on
3. over
4. into
5. for

📌 Summary (सारांश):

• Preposition noun/pronoun का संबंध वाक्य के अन्य हिस्सों से बताता है।
• यह स्थान, समय, दिशा, कारण, और माध्यम दर्शाता है।
• Common prepositions: in, on, at, to, from, by, with, etc.

Next Part of Speech (शब्दों के प्रकार) 📘 Chapter 7: Conjunction (संयोजक) Complete Notes⇒